Car-truck.



J. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATIQN FILED 1AN.23. |918.

Patented July 30, 1918.

SHEETS-SHEET l.

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NUN

m w N www# 1. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.23, |918.

Patented July 30, 1918.

ISHEETS-SHEET 2 Invenor' J. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.2a. 191s.

Patented July 30, 1918.

IsHEE'Ts-SHEET s.

Wffofnpys 1. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION man JAN.23. 1918.

Patented July 30, 1918.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4 n v e n `\o v- @mis/S J. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 23. Isls.

J. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 23. I9IH. 1,274,348.

Patented July 30, 1918.

ISHEETS-SHEET 6.

c) si@ E Sa N (l) i w O3 @2 1\ y I b) [u 0 @I N 1. TAYLOR.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.23, I9III.

1 ,274,348. Patented July 30, 1918.

IsIIETs-SIIEET I.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTCE.

JOHN TAYLOR, OF

ALBANY, NEW YORK. ASSIGNOR TO TAYLOR ELECTRIC TRUCK CO., OF TROY, NEWYORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CAR-TRUCK.

Application filed January 23, 1918.

To all lwhom it may con/'ern .le it known that l, Ionsv Tarpon, -acitizen otl the linited States, residing at Albany, in the, county ofAlbany and State ot' New York, have invented certain new and uset'ulImprovements in (lar-Trucks; and l hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference bcing had to thc,aecompanying drawings, which form part ot' this specification.

This invention relates to car trucks and has particular reference to theconstrluntion o't' trucks for electric railway cars, and its objects areto produce, a low down" truck having a swing motion bolster, and spiralsprings over the journal boxes and elliptic springs on the bolster tosupport. the car body; and which can properly carry the load and possesseasy riding qualities. The invention is especially adapted for use withthe new types of center entrance or low down end entrance electricrailway car bodies, which are intended to have only one step from thestreet pavement to the center entrance or well of the car, or low endentrance of the car. The invention also provides a novel truck adaptedto receive inside hung motors ot' the present so-called baby" and weetypes.

1n general the invention is an improvement upon the trucks shown in myPatents No. (iT-1,224 of 1\'1ay 1-1, 1901, and No. 1,048,375 oflDecember 2l. 1912; and among the novel features ot' the invention arenovel pedestals adapted to accommodate the salue diameter and length ot'journal springs` over the journal boxes as` heretofore employed, andstiflicient to entirely absorb the shock and pound of rail joints.crossings, frogs. switches. etc., while suspending the. ear body loweror nearer the ground.

Another novel feature is the novel construction and arrangement ot thespringplank whereby 1 am enabled to use full elliptic springs tor theriding of the car body, and yet lower the bolster several inches whileobtaining the desirable riding qualities and spring action of the truckshown in my aforesaid Patent No. 1.048.875.

Another novel feature of the invention is the construction o'f thecenter portion of the truck frame. including novel gusset brackets,binding brackets and angle brackets; also a novel arrangement andconstruction of parts enabling the brake mechanism to be mounted on thetruck compactly and most efficiently.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1918.

Serial No. 213.291.

All of the foregoing l'eatures together with other minor novel detailswill be hereinafter clearly explained with reference to the accompanyingdrawings which illustrate practical emluulirnents of thc invention; andthe essentials and novel features ot' construction and novelcombinations of parts for which 1 desire protection will be summarizedin the claims.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a complete truck embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the truck adjacent the holster some ofthel parts being omitted to show the bolster more' clearly.

Fig. l is an enlarged top plan view of the, connectionsl between thecross centers and side frames of the truck, at one end of the crosscenters.

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5 5, Fig. 4.

Fig. (3 is a detail view of one of the gusset. brackets detached.

Fig. 7 is a detail top plan view showing a slight modification of theconnections ot' the cross centers to the side ot' the truck.

Fig. S is a section on line S-C, Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a section on line tls-), Fig. 7.

Fig. 1() is a detail view of some parts shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a top view of the spring-plank detached.

Fig. 12 is a part side and part sectional view ot said plank.

Fig. 13 is a view of one of the end castings ot' said plank.

Fig. 11 is a transverse section on line 14-14. Fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is a partial top plan view of a modification o't` thespring-plank for extra heavy service.

Fig. 16 is a detail inverted bottom View showing a pedestal jaw tie.

Fig. 17 is a detail view of the brake hanger shown in Figs. 7 to 1t).

Fig. 18 is a detail view ot' one end of a side bar of the spring-plank.

Figs. 19 and 20 are obverse and reverse side views of one ot thepedestals detached.

Fig. 21 isa .section on line 2l-31, Fig. 19.

Fig. .22 is an enlarged top view of one of the gusset brackets 5 andconnected binding brackets. etc. detached.

Fig. 23 is a bottom view ol Fig. Q2.

Fig. 2l is an enlarged top plan view o the gusset bracket detached. Fig.25 is a bottom plan view ot Fig. 24. l1` ig. 2G is a transverse sectionon line 26--26, Fig. 24.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3 the truck in general comprises pedestals 1.connected by upper side bars 2, L). and lower twisted side bar 2, and byfront and rear tie bars 2". The upper side bars i2 are rigidly connectedby cross center bars 3, fastened thereto by means of angle-brackets il,gusset-ln'ackets 5, binding-ln'ackets (3, and thrust-lnaclwts T ashereinafter explained. Between the cross center bars 3 is a bolster S,mounted on elliptic springs 9. which are supported upon a spring-plankhereinafter explained suspended by -link-hangers 11 from the sidebars 2.

The truck as a whole has some general resemblance. to the trucks shownin my aforesaid patents. and some of the parts thereof are constructedas in my aforesaid patents; and to more readily impart a clearunderstanding of the novel improvements embodied in this invention Iwill explain them separately.

The padeca/.sz

In appearance the pedestals 1 (sec Figs. 1. 2. 19 and 20) are somewhatsimilar to those shown in my Patent No. (5T-l,2?1 but embody several.new and novel features.

In the pedestal shown in my Patent No. 671,224 the top side bars are upnearly level with the. top of the jaw, but in the present. invention inorder to reduce the height ot' the whole general construction themortises or shoulders 1l in the pedestal tor the rcception of the endsof the upper side bars 2 are below the spring pocket 1" so that theupper edges o't' the side bars 2 are approximately below the bottom ofthe pocket 1"; and this reduces the total height ot the construction, orlowers the bolster about 3 inches. Lowering the side bars in this manneris the basis of the reduction of the total height of the truck, but thetwisted portion of the bottom bars 2a remains the same distance abovethe top of rail as in my pat.- ented construction. 1

It is known that the pressure of the journal boX in the pedestal whenstarting, or in ascending a steep grade With heavy loads, is fullyagainst the inner leg of the rear lpedestals and this constructionbrings such pressure directly against the ends of the top side bars 2,and also against the end of the twisted bottom bar 2, thus making a verystrong construction.

The top of the journal spring pocket 1b of the pedestal is strengthenedby a heavy exterior side web or rib 1C, which extends across the upperend of the pocket and down on the outer edge of the leg of the pedestal,as at 1; and at the inner side this rib extends toward the center of thetruck curving down as at 1e acrossthe upper end of the inner leg andmerging with the lip 1f on the inner leg above the niortise tor thevside bar 2. This rib 1 prevents the inner leg of the jaw from tracturingor breaking at its junction with the pocketat which point indicate-d bydotted line Z in Fig. 2 ordinary pedestals are :frequently broken by thecontinual pounding ot the spiral journal spi-inw over the journal, asthis spring receives i. l the shock and pound due to the inequalities inthel road-bed.

.Bot-h inner sides of the jaws of the pedestal are preferably providedwith removable wearing' shims, which are securely fastened with twocountersnnk head bolts S (see Fig. 2) which bolts are preferably madewith a square shoulder that is fitted in the correspondingly angular endot' the bolt/opening in thejaw to prevent the countersunk bolt. fromturningwhen screwing up the nut.

The front or outer jaw ot' the pedestal is constructed with a forwardlyextending portion 1n having similar pockets or sockets 1g, both on theinside and the outside of the jaw, (see Fig. 21) to receive the end ofthe adjacent front or rear bar 2f. The lower part of the inner jaw otthe pedestal is constructed with a pocket 1k to receive the end of thetwisted bottom bar 2, thus forming a. very rigid and strongconstruction. This pedestal will fit on either side or end of the truckand does away with the need for right and left hand pedestals.

In the center of the top of the pocket or pot shaped part 1b of thepedestal is a hole 1h about 171; inches, in dia-meter, which preventsfractures, or shrinkage cracks, occurring during the casting of suchpedestals, which are usually made of cast steel, malleable, or greyiron.

The aws of the pedestal are tied together at bottom by a stay strap 1i(see Fig. 16) which is set into shoulders 1-l in the jaws of thepedestal (see Figs. 2 and 16) thus eliminating the strain on the stayfastening bolts.

With this new an d novel construction, there is no part of the truckframe closer to the ground than in my patented truck (No. 1,048,375) butthe car body will be about 6 inches lower, thus greatly reducing thedistance or step from the\street pavement into the entrance of the car;and making a lowdown entrance into the car.

The cross centers amd thm/Qt brac/set.

Between the inside top side bars 2 at the center of the truck are twoparallel spacing bars or cross centers 3 placed edgewise, and these barsare preferably of the same width as the side bars 2 so that their topand bottom edges are flush therewith. The bars 3 are preferably securedto the side bars 2 by angle brackets 4; gusset. brackets 5; bindingbrackets or plates 6, and thrust bracket or plate 7.

These 'cross centers 3 when securely fastened in proper position to theside bars by the brackets as aforesaid form a rigid and substantialpocket for the reception of the truck bolster and also hold the truckabsolutely square from center to center of truck journals.

The angle brackets'.

Angle brackets 4 are bolted to adjacent bars 2 and 3 (see Figs. 4, 7,10, 22, 23) to securely fasten the cross center and side bars together,and hold the saine square to each other. Each angle-bracket 4 has aU-shaped bend or recess 4n in its inside leg (Fig. 10) to accommodate avertical bolt 4" hereinafter referred to.

Bolted to the face of each inner top side bar 2 and between the bars 3is a thrustbracket 7 having right angled ends which fit against and arebolted4 to the inside of the adjacent cross center bars 3, see Figs. 1and 4.

Gasset bracket.

To further bind the cross center bars 3 and inside side bars 2 togethergusset brackets 5 are attached thereto at each angle formed by thejunctions of bars 2 and 3 (see Figs. 4, 22, 23). The main web or top ofeach gusset bracket 5 has a lip 5" which rests on the top edge of theadjacent cross center bar 3, Fig. (S, and it also has a lip 5 on itsouter side that rests on the top edge of the adjacent inside side. bar(see Figs. 4 and 5). The gusset bracket also is constructed with adepending portion 5" which bears against and is bolted to the insideface of the inside side bar 2, as shown. The dcpending portion 5 isstrengthened and braced by an integral rib 5 at one end and at its otherend by a flange 5 depending from the underside of the gusset bracket andextending around the outer end and inner side. of this bracket to lip 5band the outer end of the gusset bracket also has a rib 5 on its upperside. This bracket is also provided with an opening 5" for the passageotl the bolt 4b. This gusset bracket is also preferably constructed tosupport part of the brake-mechanism as hereinafter explained.

Bind/ifa f/ I) racket.

To further secure and bind together the truck cross centers and insideside bars I use binding brackets 0 each having a long angle 0 that restson the top of the gusset bracket 5 and is secured thereto by thevertical bolt 4", which also passes through the gusset bracket and thegroove or bend 4 in the adjacent angle bracket 4. The head of thisvertical bolt. 4" bears partly against the bottom edge of the adjacentcross center bar 3 and also partly against the bottom edge of the anglebracket 4, see Fig. 22. The binding bracket 6 also has a vertical part6b that bears against. and is bolted to the outside face of the innertop side bar 2, (see Figs. 8 and 10) and part 0* has at the bottom ashort lip 6 that tits under the inner side bar 2 and the bottom edge ofthe adjacent cross center bar 3 and assists in supporting the weight andstrain of the motor that is suspended on the cross center as indicatedin dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The brackets constructed and arranged as hereinafter described securelyfasten the cross centers to the side bars; but permit a slightresiliency of the structure when the truck is passing over inequalitiesin the roadbed; or in curving around short radius curves where one ofthe rails is elevated above the other, which produces very severetwisting strains on the central portion of the truck; I have found thatthe one piece corner brackets commonly used on other types of trucks toattach the cross centers to the sides fracture in service, and will notendure the severe twisting strains caused by the application of thepower when the truck is rounding sharp curves in the road bed onhillsides, which curves are on all electric roads operating throughhilly and mountainous sections. But my novel lconstruction of truckcenters has been carcfully worked out from practical experience,thoroughly tested, and found capable of withstanding the severe serviceconditions above mentioned.

Syn-'ing plank.

Suspended beneath the cross center bars is a spring-plank which ispreferably constructed of opposite parallel bars 10 set edgewise andhaving their ends fitted into sockets 10" in end castings 10, by whichthe bars 10a are properly spaced apart and kept in alinement. A trussbar 10 is arranged below the plane of and intermediate the bars 10 andits ends are bent upwardly and rounded to pass through central aperturesin the castings 10c and are 'secured by nuts 10, as shown. lVhen thenuts 10e are screwed up tightly the castings 10c are drawn hard againstthe ends of the bars 10a and a thoroughly braced and substantiallytrussed spring-plank is formed. Each spring-plank truss-anchor 10' isprovided with a bottom recess or Channel 10I to engage the supportingbail or casting and each bar 10 has a recess 10k in its lower edgeregistering with the recess 10j for the same purpose.

Near cach end of the spring-plank is a saddle 10t which has end members10g hooked over the outside of each bar 10, see Fig. 14, the. saddlesextending from the outside of one bar to the outside. of the. oppositebar. These saddles carry the elliptic spring seats 9. Each spring seat9B has lips 9r on Cii its sides vwhich enga ge the/edge of the saddleNo. 1,018,375; which are hung from'U- shaped castings 11 placed betweenthe side bars 2. at each end of the cross center 3, and may be fastenedthereto by bolts 11, which may also fasten the thrust brackets 7 to saidside bars.

As the spring plank swings backward and forward the U-shaped grooves orrecesses in the castings 10 and bars 10 permit their turning or rockingon the round lower part of the bail-hangers 11 and an easy and effectivelongitudinal swing motion of the spring-plank and springs.

The trussed spring-plank sustains the weight of the springs 9 and thetruck-bolster 8, which rests on the springs as' clearly shown in Fig. 3,and also the weight of the car body which rests on this bolster throughthe medium of the truck and boy center plates which may be attached tothe bolster as usual, the spring-plank sustaining the weight of the carbody andthe passenger load.

In cases where a very heavy car body is to be supported, or extra heavyloads to be carried, the spring-plank may be strengthened by employingtwo parallel truss bars 10 each similar to bar 10, and attached to theend castings 10l as indicated in Fig. 15,

To insure sufficient clearance to allow the truck bolster 8 to movelongitudinally due to the swing motion," when the truck is rounding acurve the heads 14a of the inner bolts 14 (which attach the inner legsOfangle brackets L1 to the bars 3) are let into sockets in bars 3, seeFig. 10, providing a flush, smooth surface on the inside of the bars andgiving clearance for the top bands of the elliptic springs 9 and springcap, to move freely backward and forward, and also up and down, due tothe action of the swing motion and the opening and closing of theelliptic springs.

Bra/.fa attachments.

12 are pivoted between lugs 5g by pins 12?' and depend through slots 5f.

Through the long slots 5f in one pair of opposite gusset-brackets 5 atone side of the cross center thelive bra-ke levers 12 pass (Figs. 1--2)the slots 5f affording ample space for the sweep of the live brakelevers backward and forward on the applicatiton or release of thebrakes.

rllirough the slots 5f in the adjacent pair of gisset brackets 5, at theopposite sides of the cross center (see Figs. l, 2, 4) the dead brakelevers 12C. pass and are secured between Vtwin ears 5j on the bracket bypins 5k.

To the undersides of these gusset-brackets, and in line with the insidebrake hanger, are bolted the brake release springs 12e (Figs. 5 and (S)which springshave holes at the bottom t0 receive the brake head tailbolts 12f (Fig. 6), and their oflice is to pull the brake shoes awayfrom the wheels when the biake is released.

Preferably the casting is provided with an inclined seat 5s against vhich the end of the spring 12e is bolted as s iown in Fig. 26, so thatthe spring is inclined lightly in order that the end to which the ta lbolt 12f is attached will be directly in li e with the brake shoe. Thebracket 5l and ribs 5 and 51 reinforce and strengthen/the gusset bracketand prevent its fractiiriiig, bending or springing under severe shockscaused by quick application of the brakes especially when sand isapplied to the wheels.

The gusset brackets 5 as constructed and used in my truck, provide forseveral important and practical features in the arrangement of the brakemechanism. By forming the brake hanger ears 5g on the top face of thegusset brackets I can use long brake hangers with a low downconstruction. They also provide a conve-nient support and point ofattachment for the curved brake release springs.

By the use of these gusset-brackets, constructed as described, the brakelevers and the brake hangers can all be made straight, z'. e. withoutoHsets, and when the brake is applied, the center line of the brakelevers, and the center line of the brake head and shoe, are directly inline with the treads of the wheels, thus avoiding twisting strains inthe brake mechanism which is important,

'as twisted or offset brake levers or brake hangers are undesirableespecially with air controlled brakes, and provision for a directstraightline pull and push of the brake mechanism is very important inelectric railway trucks on account of the frequent emergency stops thathave to be made.

Figs. 7 to 10 show a modification used in connection with some types oftrucks having inside hung motors and inside hung brakes. In thismodification I omittlie gusset brackets 5 and attach biakc hanger clips13 to the side bars Q of the truck, to support the brakes and take thestrain ott' of the cross center of the truck, and place it on the sidevframes of the truck, as the cross center of the truck must endure theweight and strains of the motor, which strains are very severe on thecross center when starting the car with a heavy load, and also whenascending very steep grades. Each clip 13 is bolted to the inner side ofthe adjacent angle bracket 4 and has a lip 13b on its upper edge hookingover the top edge of such angle bracket (see F ig. 8). The bindingbrackets 6 are provided in this case with a raised portion (3" to fitover the lip 13b of the adjacent hanger clip, the underside of part 6"bearing hard againstthe lip of the hanger clip 13 and preventingthelatter rocking or shitting on the bolt 13 that secures the clip to theside bar; and also in event the bolt loosens preventing the clipdropping out of place.

A truck constructed as described will support the Car body very lowdown, yet all the parts necessary to make a good easy riding truck areprovided, but so eoinpactly that there is the. same clearance betweenthe top of the rail or the pavement of the street and the lowest part ofthe truck, that is afforded in other types ot' trucks. This elearance isabsolutely necessary to avoid obstructions such as bricks or pieces ofrock, etc., that frequentl)v lic beside the rails. It also has plenty ofclearance for snow and ice in winter weather.

The truck is comparatively light in weight. but very strong. andcompact. and safe for high speed service: as the twisted bottom sidebars 2 would prevent the swing link or bolster dropping onto the railsin case of fracture in service, and the rectangular bail-hangers 11overcome the end surging or shucking motion ot" the truck produced bythe sudden stopping or start-ing of the car.

By placing the springs down in between the spring-plank bars, Iadditionally lower the height of the car floor above the rails three orfour inches. The springs being placed down and in between the side barsof the spring-plank are kept in alinemcnt without any additionaltastenings; and the leaves of the springs are kept from shifting afterthe truck becomes more or less worn, thus prolonging the life of thesprings.

Further in this novel spring-plank, the bottom is practically open, sothat ice, slush or mud will not lodge or accumulate therein sufficientlyto interfere with'the proper action of the springs.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In a truck frame the combination of pedestals, side bars connectingsaid pedestals, cross center bars interposed between the top bars,gusset brackets connecting the cross center` and side bars, and bindingbrackets applied to the gusset brackets and binding same to the sidebars.

2. In a truck frame the combination of pcdestals, side bars connectingsaid pedestals, cross center bars interposed between the top bars, anglebrackets connecting the cross center and side bars, gusset brackets overthe angle brackets; and binding brackets applied over the gussetbrackets and side bars.

3. In a truck frame the combination of pedestals, side bars connectingsaid pedestals, cross center bars interposed between the top bars, anglebrackets connecting the cross center and side bars, gusset brackets overthe angle brackets, binding brackets applied over the gusset bracketsand side bars, and thrust brackets intermediate the cross center barsand connecting the same to the side bars.

4. For a car truck, an angle bracket adapted to connect a cross centerbar to a side bar, and having a U-rceess or bend in one of its legs.

5. For a car truck. an angle bracket adapted to connect a cross centerbar to a side bar, with a bolt connecting the angle bracket to the crosscenter bar. the head of this bolt being let into the said cross centerbar for the purpose specified.

6. Fora car truck, an angle bracket adapted to connect a cross centerbar to a side bar and having a U-recess or bend in one of its legs; witha bolt connecting the angle bracket to the cross center bar, the head ofsuch bolt being let into the said cross center bar for the purposespecified.

7. For a car truck` a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the crosscenter bar and side bar and having a slot for the passage ot a brakelevel', and having ears for the connection of brake-hangers.

8. For a truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the centerbar and side bar, and having a slot for the passage of a brake lever anda depending portion adapted to be attached to the side bar, said gussetbracket also having ears for the connection of brake hanger links.

9..I*`or a truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the crosscenter bar and side bar and lipped over the side bar and cross centerbar, said gusset bracket having a slot. for the passage of a brakelever, ears at the opposite sides ot said slot for connection of brakehanger links.

10. For a truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the crosscenter bar and side bar and lipped over the side and cross center bar,said gusset bracket having a slot for the passage of a b ake lever-- adepending portion adapted to be attached to the side bar, and ears atthe opposite sides of said slot for the connection of brake hangerlinks.

11. A spring plank consisting. of side bars. a thrust bar intermediatethe side bars, saddles underlying the side bars and overlyino` thethrust bar, and castings connected to the ends of said bars, withhangers engaging the said castings to suspend the thrust bar from atruck. frame, said castings being recessed on their under side to engagethe hangers.

. 1Q. A springplank consisting of side bars set edgewise, castingsfitted to the ends of the said bars; a thrust bar intermediate the sidebars below the plane thereof; and castings connected to the ends of saidbars, and saddles underlying the side bars and overlying the thrust bar,the ends of the thrust bar extending through and being bolted to saidcastings; with hangers engaging the said castings to suspend the thrustbar from a truck frame, said castings being recessed on their under sideto engage the hangers.

13. A spring plank consisting ofside bars set edgewise, a thrust barintermediate the side bars and below the plane thereof, saddlesunderlying the side bar and overlying the thrust bar, and end castingsengaged by said bars; with elliptic springs mounted on said saddlesintermediate the said side bars, and hangers engaging the said castingsto suspend the spring plank from a truck frame.

14. For a truck frame, a reversible pedestal having a spring pocket, aprojection on its inner jaw recessed on each side for engagement withside bars, and a projection on its outer jaw recessed on both sides forengagement with an end bar.

15. For a truck frame, a reversible pedestal having a spring pocketabove and between its jaws, a projection below the pocket on its innerjaw recessed on each side for engagement with side bars, and aprojection on its outer jaw recessed on both sides for engagement withan end bar.

16. For a truck frame. a reversible pedestal having a spring pocket, aprojection on its inner jaw recessed on each side for accommodation ofside bars, a pocket near the bottom of its jaw the accommodation "ofbottom tie bars, a projection on its outer jaw recessed on both sidesfor engagement of an end bar. v

17. For a truck frame, a pedestal havingl a spring pocket above andbetween its jaws, a projection on its inner jaw for engagement with sidebars, and a projection on its outer jaw for engagement with an end bar,said pocket having a strengthening rib extending at the outer side ofthe pedestal from the pocket to the front projection, and at the innerside of the pedestal from the pocket to and partly over the projectionfor the top side bars.

18. For a truck frame, a reversible pedestal having a spring pocket, aprojection on its inner jaw recessed on each side for accommodation ot'side bars, and a pocket near the `bottom of its inner jaw for theaccommodation of a bottom tie bar, and a projection on its outer jawrecessed onboth sides for. engagement of an end bar.

19. For a truck frame, a revers'ble pedestal having a spring pocketabove and between its jaws, a projection on its innerjaw recessed oneach side for accommodation of side bars the upperedge of said barsbeing below the pocket, a pocket near the bottom of its inner jaw forthe accommodation of bottom tie bars, and aprojection von its outer jawrecessed on both sides for engagement of a front end bar.

20. For a truck frame, a reversible pedestal having a spring pocket, aprojection on its inner jaw recessed on each side for accommodation ofside bars; a pocket near the bottom of its inner jaw for theaccommodation of a bottom side bar; and a projection on its outer jawrecessed on both lsides for engagement of a front end bar; said springpocket having a strengthening rib extending beyond thepocket on eachside.

2l. For a truck frame, a reversible pedestal having a spring pocketabove and between its jaws, a projection on its inner jaw below thespring pocket .recessed on each side for accommodation of side bars; apocket near the bottom of its inner jaw for the accommodation of' abottom side bar; and a projection on its outer jaw recessed on bothsides for engageinent of a front end bar; said spring pocket having astrengthening rib extending down on the outer side of the pedestal tothe projection on the Jfront jaws and extending on the inner side of thepedestal to about the center of the projection on the inner jaw.

22. For a truck frame an angle bracket having a loop or bend in its legfor the accommodation of vertical bolts.

23. In a truck frame having pedestals, side bars connecting saidpedestals, and cross center bars interposed between the top bars; anglebrackets exterior to the center bars and connecting the center bars andside bars; said angle brackets having loops or bends in their legsattached to the cross center bars for the accommodation of verticalbolts.

24. In a truck frame having pedestals, side bars connecting saidpedestals, and cross center bars interposed between the top bars; anglebrackets exterior to the center bars and connecting the center bars andside bars, said angle brackets having loops or -bcnds in their legsattached to the cross center bars for the accommodation of verticalbolts, and thrust brackets interposed between the center bars andconnecting same with the side bars.

25'. In a truck frame having pedestals,

side bars connecting said pedestals, and cross center bars interposedbetween the top bars; angle brackets connected with the cross center andside bars, said angle brackets having loops or bends in their legsattached to the cross center bars for the accommmlation of verticalbolts; gusset brackets applied over the angle brackets and connected tothe center and side bars, and vertical bolts passing throughffthebends-o'l the angle brackets and engaging the gusset brackets.

26. In a truck frame having pedestals, side bars connecting saidpedestals, cross center bars interposed between the top bars and anglebrackets connecting the cross center and side bars; binding bracketsover the angle brackets and connected with the side bars, said bindingbrackets having lips on their outer ends extending beneath the adjacentside 'bars 27. For a truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached tothe center bar and side bar, and having a slot for the passage ot' abrake lever, an inclined seat on its under side for the attachment of abrake releasing spring, and a depending portion adapted to be attachedto the side bar.

28. For a. truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the crosscenter bar and side bar and lipped over the side bar and cross centerbar, said gusset bracket having an inclined seat on its under side forthe attachment of a brake releasing spring and ears for connection ofbrake hanger links.

Q9. For a truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the crosscenter bar and side bar and having a slot for the passage of a brakelever, a depending portion adapted to be attached to the side bal', aninclined seat on its under side for the attachment of a brake releasingspring and earsat the opposite sides ot said slot for the connection ofbrake hanger links.

30. For atruck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the centerbar and side bar, and having reinforcing flanges, a slot for the passageof a brake lever and a depending portion adapted to be attached to theside bar, an inclined seat on its under side for the attachment of abrake releasing spring and ears for the connection of brake hangerlinks.

31. For a truck, a gusset bracket adapted to be attached to the crosscenter bar and side bar and lipped over the side and cross center bar,said bracket having reinforcing flanges, an inclined seat on its underside for the attachment of a brake releasing spring, a depending portionadapted to be attached to the side bar, a slot for the passage of abrake lever, and ears at the opposite sides of said slot for theconnection of brake hanger links.

32. A spring plank consisting of side bars set edgewise; end castingshaving sockets lit-ted to the ends of said side bars; a fiat thrust barlying tlatwise intermediate the side bars and below the plane thereof;the ends of said thrust bar being rounded and bent upwardly andextending through said castings; and nuts threaded on the rounded endsof said thrust bar; substantially as described.

32. A spring plank consisting ot` side bars set edgewise; castingshaving sockets in which are fitted the ends of said side bars;

a flat thrust bar lying flatwise intermediate thereof ;Y rounded theside bars and below the plane the ends of said thrust bar being and bentupwardly and extending through said castings; nuts threaded on therounded ends of said thrust bar exterior to the castings; and saddlesunderlying the side bars and overlying the thrust bar adjacent theupwardly bent ends thereof.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing JOI IN TAYLOR.

